{"id":1537,"date":"2018-09-19T10:26:36","date_gmt":"2018-09-19T09:26:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/imperial-medicine\/?p=1537"},"modified":"2019-11-20T12:17:33","modified_gmt":"2019-11-20T12:17:33","slug":"grandfather-of-allergy-dr-william-frankland-the-106-year-old-doctor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/imperial-medicine\/2018\/09\/19\/grandfather-of-allergy-dr-william-frankland-the-106-year-old-doctor\/","title":{"rendered":"Grandfather of allergy: Dr William Frankland, the 106-year-old doctor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1181\" height=\"663\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1933\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/imperial-medicine\/files\/2018\/09\/William-Frankland.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr William (Bill) Frankland, aged 106, has helped transform our understanding of allergies during his long career in medicine. A pioneer in the field, Dr Frankland popularised the pollen count to help clinicians and patients understand what triggers their seasonal allergies. Originally published on the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.imperial.nhs.uk\/about-us\/grandfather-of-allergy-dr-william-frankland-pollen-count-alexander-fleming-70-years-nhs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust\u00a0blog<\/a> and reproduced here with permission, he reflects on his career and working for the NHS for 70 years.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>People often ask me, how is it that I\u2019ve lived until 106. All I can say is I\u2019ve come close to death so many times but somehow I&#8217;ve always managed to miss it and that\u2019s why I\u2019m still here.<\/p>\n<p>I was born in 1912, six weeks early. My identical twin brother and I weighed three pounds one ounce each but we both survived \u2013 he died in 1995, at age 83. As an early baby, that\u2019s the first time I survived against the odds.<\/p>\n<p>I first encountered hay fever when I was a child. I grew up in the Lake District where my brother and I spent our summers helping a local farmer with his hay. One day, I told my brother my eyes were itchy and I couldn\u2019t go on. \u201cYou\u2019re feeble,\u201d he said. It took me 30 years before I realised I had a real problem with summer hay fever and about 90 years to grow out of that allergy.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h3>Early days in medicine<\/h3>\n<p>I saw the whole of medicine change with the development of antibiotics. When I was a medical student in the 1930s, my classmates and I had the opportunity to visit Queen Charlotte\u2019s Hospital to see women who, following childbirth, had developed infected puerperal sepsis \u2013 a bacterial infection in the uterus and surrounding tissue \u2013 which had a very high mortality rate. They were treated with the sulfonamide drug prontosil rubrum, the first sulfonamide ever used in the UK. Drugs like that worked magic on many infections \u2013 but not all. Then when penicillin came along, it was the wonder drug that made many more infections treatable.<\/p>\n<p>My life was saved for the second time during the war \u2013 all thanks to the flip of a coin. I was stationed in Singapore during World War II, and another doctor and I decided to spin a coin to determine our assignments. I called heads and won. The man who lost went to Queen Alexandra Hospital where he was brutally murdered by Japanese forces in 1942. I was spared that attack but was later held as a prisoner of war on what\u2019s now known as Sentosa Island \u2013 incidentally, where the US-North Korea summit was recently held.<\/p>\n<p>When I returned to the UK after the war was over, I decided I&#8217;d become a dermatology consultant. But I soon realised it didn\u2019t interest me and, at the time, it wasn&#8217;t a full time job. A notice went up on the door of the allergy department saying they wanted a doctor two mornings a week so I joined and liked it so much that after six weeks, I asked to work there full time. Luckily, Dr Freeman, the head of the department, said yes! I&#8217;ve been an allergist ever since.<\/p>\n<p>I remember how pre-1948 many consultants were against the launch of the National Health Service. They had a roster of private patients and were concerned they would lose out on income. But they needn\u2019t have worried\u2013 they got paid through the NHS and their private patients came to see them just the same.<\/p>\n<h3>Research and experiments<\/h3>\n<p>I worked under Sir Alexander Fleming for a time. Fleming died in 1955 and in the last two years of his life I took over his medical ward. Every morning for two years I had to go and see him at 10am. We were meant to discuss patients but we talked about everything else. Fleming qualified as a surgeon, but he just wasn\u2019t interested in clinical medicine \u2013 once he looked down a microscope, he continued looking down a microscope!<\/p>\n<p>Fleming supported my research while I worked for him which led to one of my proudest moments. At the time, it was thought that autologous bacterial vaccines \u2013 vaccines made from an individual\u2019s own throat bacteria \u2013 could treat certain types of so-called infected asthma. I thought it was all ballyhoo, so I went to Fleming and said I wanted to do a double-blind placebo controlled trial to test their effectiveness. He gave me the go-ahead to do it although it was very expensive due to the high costs involved in producing autologous vaccines. The placebo injections gave exactly the same result as the very expensive ones. I was afraid my chief might sack me! After that study was published I was invited to lecture on it all over the world and at the time I was a junior doctor, not a consultant. I\u2019m still very proud of that.<\/p>\n<p>Today, delayed allergic reactions are not unusual and, if you go to A&amp;E with anaphylaxis, you will need to stay there for three to five hours to ensure the reaction has fully passed. But in my early years as a doctor, I experienced a rare delayed allergic reaction first-hand after experimenting on myself.<\/p>\n<p>One February, the tropical insect I\u2019d allowed to bite me triggered anaphylactic shock. I had just enough time to tell the sister how much adrenaline to give me before I lost consciousness. After a two hours and another dose of adrenaline, I pulled myself together and went off to see a patient, forgetting that my face was still swollen from the reaction! On the whole, I felt fine \u2013 that is, until I encountered a nurse and a student trying to push her car up a steep icy ramp out of the car park in the intense cold. I decided and we rolled her car to the road but my anaphylactic reaction returned. The exertion of pushing that car paired with the cold had triggered a delayed allergic reaction. There was very little research on delayed allergic reactions at the time and the experience inspired me to do more research on the subject, which I eventually published.<\/p>\n<h3>The famous pollen count<\/h3>\n<p>Of course, most people who know my name know me because of the pollen count. My patients were not particularly reliable in reporting the date of the start of their allergic reactions \u2013 one woman in particular insisted she was allergic to roses, though they produce no air-borne pollen! I set up a pollen trap at St Mary\u2019s Hospital, on the roof of what used to be the nurses\u2019 accommodation \u2013 now called Salton House \u2013 to identify different types of pollen in the air. From that work, I created a pollen count system and tracked pollen counts every day with my team to help determine what triggered my patients\u2019 allergic reactions. We thought other people might find it useful, so we suggested two newspapers publish the count each day. We found ourselves making a call to the papers each morning to report the pollen count! Today the pollen count appears on the radio, on television and in newspapers with the weather forecast.<\/p>\n<p>In general, allergies are increasing, there&#8217;s no doubt about it. Climate change is partly to blame, as warmer, drier summers mean plants have more time to release pollen and pollution keeps that pollen in the air.\u00a0local diesel fumes greatly add to allergic symptoms.\u00a0Food allergies are increasing \u2013 peanut allergies are well-known by patients. Also, many patients become allergic to prescribed drugs.<\/p>\n<p>Desensitisation treatments can help patients with severe allergies but towns and cities can take additional steps, as well. Here&#8217;s a good example: many people want our cities to be greener, so trees are being planted all over London. Many of those trees are silver birch which is a strong sensitiser \u2013 people become very sensitive to their pollen over time. There\u2019s an easy solution that doesn\u2019t require giving up on greenery: plant female silver birches, which don\u2019t produce any pollen and are therefore non-allergenic. I\u2019ve been trying to get this message out for years!<\/p>\n<p>The nicest thing that\u2019s ever happened to me \u2013 aside from the day my late wife accepted my marriage proposal \u2013 was when I became an honorary fellow honorary fellow of my college, the Queen\u2019s College, at Oxford. I was delighted with that honour and it gives me the opportunity to attend some lovely events from time to time.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m very proud to have been part of the story of the National Health Service and am delighted to see its 70th year. I still try to fly the flag for allergy whenever possible and clinicians continue to call me for advice and guidance. I also keep up with the latest research in allergy \u2013 my most recent paper was published in March 2017. You may also find my face in your nearest bookstore soon as my biography is due to be published later this summer. I find that I have plenty to keep me busy these days!<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr William Frankland is a\u00a0graduate of The Queen\u2019s College, Oxford and St Mary\u2019s Hospital Medical School (now part of Imperial College London), Dr Frankland was a founder and president of what\u2019s now known as the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology and vice president of the International Association of Aerobiology. He is president of the Anaphylaxis Campaign and, in 2015, was awarded an MBE for services to allergy research.\u00a0\u00a0He also published a number of notable papers, including the findings of a study of vaccines used in the treatment of asthma, which was published when he was just a junior registrar.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Image credit<\/em>:\u00a0<em><span class=\"irc_ho\" dir=\"ltr\">Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr William (Bill) Frankland, aged 106, has helped transform our understanding of allergies during his long career in medicine. A pioneer in the field, Dr Frankland popularised the pollen count to help clinicians and patients understand what triggers their seasonal allergies. Originally published on the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust\u00a0blog and reproduced here with permission, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":521,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[272486],"tags":[14889,662,11119],"class_list":["post-1537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guest-posts","tag-allergy","tag-career","tag-nhs"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Grandfather of allergy: Dr William Frankland, the 106-year-old doctor -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dr William Frankland, aged 106, 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