{"id":500,"date":"2023-01-05T10:10:50","date_gmt":"2023-01-05T10:10:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/?p=500"},"modified":"2022-12-21T10:33:29","modified_gmt":"2022-12-21T10:33:29","slug":"transdisciplinary-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/2023\/01\/05\/transdisciplinary-research\/","title":{"rendered":"Transdisciplinary research &#8211; what is it and why is it difficult?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.imperial.ac.uk\/strategy\/foundations\/transdisciplinary-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">One of the core goals of Imperial is to do transdisciplinary research.<\/a>\u00a0What does this mean?<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Normal disciplinary research is easy to see. This means chemists work on chemistry problems, engineers work on engineering problems, business people work on business problems.<\/p>\n<p>In the real world though, few research questions fit neatly into a discipline.<\/p>\n<h3>An example: improving solar panels<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_501\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-501\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" class=\"wp-image-501 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/files\/2022\/12\/icl-09feb2011-094_086565_001-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"Three researchers in hi-vis vests discuss a solar panel, with the distinctive shape of Queen's Tower in the background. \" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-501\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Solar panels on the roof of the Electrical Engineering Building at Imperial&#8217;s South Kensington campus. Which research discipline develops solar panels: is it chemistry, business or engineering? Imperial College 86092<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Suppose you\u2019re concerned about climate change. You want to help the world transition towards using renewable energy sources. You think improving solar panels is a good way to do this. Is this a chemistry problem, an engineering problem or a business problem?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Improving the chemistry of the photovoltaic cell so it captures more energy from sunlight is good \u2013 but what if this makes the panels difficult to manufacture, or too expensive for most homes and businesses?<\/li>\n<li>Improving the engineering of a solar panel so it\u2019s completely recyclable (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pivotint.com\/blog\/the-pros-and-cons-of-cradle-to-cradle-design\/\">cradle-to-cradle manufacturing<\/a>) is good \u2013 but not if this significantly reduces energy capture or makes them too expensive to install.<\/li>\n<li>Improving the economic attractiveness of solar panels, for example with grants or being able to resell excess energy to the grid, is good \u2013 but not if the panels themselves are polluting to make or don\u2019t generate enough energy to make a difference to your carbon footprint.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Working with disciplines in parallel<\/h3>\n<p>So the quick answer to this is to get three researchers \u2013 a chemist, an engineer and a business person \u2013 in a room and they all work on the problem together. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK44876\/\">It can be difficult because the researchers are likely to have different vocabulary to describe the issues they see, and have different ideas about what matters<\/a>. Have you ever got frustrated because somebody just didn\u2019t understand you, or because they just don\u2019t think the thing that matters to you is important? Yup, researchers too.<\/p>\n<p>But a lot of this kind of research gets done. There are people who really like these difficult cross-cultural conversations. Which is good, isn\u2019t it?<\/p>\n<h3>Working with disciplines braided together<\/h3>\n<p>There\u2019s a minority of people who take this further, and learn to think in more than one discipline at the same time. Like being bilingual, but it\u2019s also like having two sets of values at the same time.<\/p>\n<p>This was me! I studied chemistry, and then applied it to archaeological textiles. I had to learn to understand <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0162330\">a little piece of medieval wool textile<\/a> as a valuable imported object (economics, history), an example of <i lang=\"non\">va\u00f0m\u00e1l <\/i>(technology studies), a sample of sheep hair (agriculture), a sample of keratin (protein science), and an indicator of an ancient ecosystem (biogeochemistry). That was deeply satisfying for me, and I can\u2019t really explain why. But it\u2019s not to everyone\u2019s taste.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_503\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-503\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"816\" class=\"wp-image-503 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/files\/2022\/12\/pone.0162330.g001-1024x816.png\" alt=\"A sample of medieval Icelandic wool textile\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-503\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sample of medieval Icelandic wool textile. This is an indicator of money, technology, culture, an ecosystem and\/or sheep farming, depending on which discipline you use to analyse it. From my own transdisciplinary research experience.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>IMSE is transdisciplinary<\/h3>\n<p>Working across disciplines is<strong> not just what we do but who we are<\/strong> at IMSE. So among IMSE Affiliates, we have teams of researchers who are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adfm.202203487\">developing flexible solar panel materials that are water-resistant<\/a> to make them easier to integrate into clothing, accessories or mobile phones.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S175058362200189X\">working out how to optimise solvents which can absorb CO<sub>2<\/sub> from the atmosphere<\/a>, to enable affordable CO<sub>2<\/sub> drawdown.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2352940721001530\">developing 3D printing of hydrogels which can act as a substitute for soil<\/a>, to feed more people worldwide.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1073\/pnas.2206563119\">building artificial cells which react to heat or light to communicate with living cells<\/a>, to enable new medical treatments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>IMSE is one of the initiatives that Imperial has taken to promote research that spans disciplinary boundaries. We tackle this problem in a number of ways:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/2022\/09\/29\/conservation-of-materials\/\">Organising events which appeal across disciplines<\/a> \u2013 getting new mixtures of people to meet is a good start.<\/li>\n<li>Supporting research work carried out by teams of researchers who come from multiple departments and faculties.<\/li>\n<li>Publicising the transdisciplinary work we are involved in &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/neverlickthespoon.podbean.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have a listen to our podcast<\/a> for examples!<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/2022\/08\/08\/next-generation\/\">Training a new generation of researchers with skills from more than one discipline<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Collaborating with industry who are generating transdisciplinary research questions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Your gut feeling<\/h3>\n<p>What\u2019s your attitude to disciplines? Are you naturally drawn to one, or do you like overlapping contrasting ways of thinking?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the core goals of Imperial is to do transdisciplinary research.\u00a0What does this mean?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1647,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[81460],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-transdisciplinary-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Transdisciplinary research - what is it and why is it difficult?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"IMSE exists to promote transdisciplinary research at Imperial College London. 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Explore why this is challenging but promising.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/2023\/01\/05\/transdisciplinary-research\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-01-05T10:10:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\/molecular-science-engineering\/files\/2022\/12\/icl-09feb2011-094_086565_001-1024x681.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Isabella von Holstein\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Isabella von Holstein\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Isabella von Holstein\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/90bcfe32772af51ea4b7a88a6f15c029\"},\"headline\":\"Transdisciplinary research &#8211; what is it and why is it difficult?\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-01-05T10:10:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":775,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/files\\\/2022\\\/12\\\/icl-09feb2011-094_086565_001-1024x681.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Transdisciplinary research\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/\",\"name\":\"Transdisciplinary research - what is it and why is it difficult?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/05\\\/transdisciplinary-research\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/files\\\/2022\\\/12\\\/icl-09feb2011-094_086565_001-1024x681.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-01-05T10:10:50+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.imperial.ac.uk\\\/molecular-science-engineering\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/90bcfe32772af51ea4b7a88a6f15c029\"},\"description\":\"IMSE exists to promote transdisciplinary research at Imperial College London. 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